In addition to an architectural movement, modernism – like postmodernism – was a social, cultural and artistic movement. Beginning in the Post WWI days, it was a movement of innovation, utopianism and optimistic reimagination of life and work. There were many styles falling under the name of Modernism, including Bauhaus, Expressionism, Minimalism & Brutalism.
Using new, advanced building materials such as glass, steel, & reinforced concrete, it attempted to solve the problem of mass migration into cities and emphasized form, comfort, health & progress.
Modernism experienced a philosophical 180 following WWII, namely Postmodernism. It maintained many of the challenges to traditional structure, but the abandoned the optimism and utopianism of Modernism.
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